Equitable Access to Transportation
As cities have sprawled and jobs have moved away from urban cores in the United States, many low-income communities have become geographically more isolated and inadequately served by affordable, efficient transportation. Expenditures for vehicles, including fuel consumption, insurance, and maintenance, can be large and unpredictable. States can use policy levers to ensure fair and equitable access to public transportation and newer shared-use services in a number of ways. For example, states can provide incentives to developers that set aside a fixed percentage of housing in transit-served areas to help align housing and transportation choices for low-income families. Similarly, many states use distance from transit services as a key criterion for disbursing federal low-income tax credit funds to qualifying property owners, ensuring that low-income communities are served by a variety of transportation alternatives.
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Alabama does not have any programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities nor do they consider proximity to transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Alaska does not have any programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor do they consider proximity to transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Funding under the IIJA will include Justice 40 requirements and will serve underserved areas of the State.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Although no state level incentives exist, the utility Salt River Project has extra rebates for low-income communities. Arizona also considers proximity to transit stops for their Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (Table 3)
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit access
Arkansas does not have any programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor do they consider proximity to transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Equitable transportation electrification
As of June, 2024, Arkansas does not have a dedicated EV or EV charging program with an explicit funding stream, a set percentage of a larger funding stream, or higher rebates specifically for underserved communities.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
California leadership has established a mandate to improve equitable access to transportation: In 2012, Senate Bill 535 established that at least a quarter of the proceeds of the State’s Cap-and-Trade program, a significant portion of which fund transportation projects and programs, provide a benefit to disadvantaged communities (DAC).
Administered through the HVIP program, the Innovative Small e-Fleet (ISEF) is a pilot program that focuses on supporting small fleets by offering higher voucher amounts and supporting innovative solutions such as all-inclusive leasing, rentals, and “truck as a service” models.
The Clean Off-Road Equipment Voucher Incentive (CORE) Project provides higher voucher amounts (10% above base voucher amount) for equipment deployed in disadvantaged or low-income communities. A stackable increased voucher (additional 15% of the base voucher amount) is provided for purchasers who are small businesses.
California also has several programs in place to incentivize the planning and creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, and to support increased access to transit for low-income residents.
The California TOD Housing Program’s goal is to increase public transit ridership by funding higher density affordable housing developments within one-quarter mile of transit stations and infrastructure improvements necessary for the development of specified housing developments. The program provided $2.85 billion for housing and infrastructure programs within close proximity of a transit station. To qualify for these funding, developments must be within 0.5 miles of a transit station, and 15% of units must be affordable to low- or very-low-income households. HCD’s Affordable Housing and Sustainable Communities (AHSC) Program provides funding for affordable housing developments (new construction or renovation) near transit facilities.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit: Both HB22-1304 and HB21-1271 created programs that incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities. The state also considers the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners. Additionally, a companion bill (House Bill 24-1434) to HB24-1313 created a new state tax credit for affordable housing just in transit-oriented areas.
Other EV programs: The Vehicle Exchange Program, funded through the Community Access Enterprise, and administered by the Colorado Energy Office, offers point of sale rebates to low and moderate income Coloradans that replace a high emitting vehicle with a new or used electric vehicle. Rebates of $6,000 for a new vehicle purchase or lease and $4,000 for a used EV are available. These can be stacked with the state tax credit for new EVs as well as rebates offered by utilities including the $5,500 new EV rebate and $3,000 used EV rebate offered by Xcel Energy to low and moderate income customers.
EV charging station rebate: Enhanced incentives of up to 90% of the cost of a Level 2 EV charging station are available for income qualified applicants and entities in disproportionately impacted communities.
Fleet ZERO, which provides incentives for fleet charging, awards higher incentives to disadvantaged fleet owners include MBE, DBE, WBE, etc. The Colorado Accelerated Mobility Project (CAMP) also provides funding to support community-driven electric mobility projects with a focused on disproportionately impacted communities.
Last Updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
EV Programs: The Connecticut Hydrogen and Electric Automobile Purchase Rebate (CHEAPR) program includes a "Rebate+" incentive that is added to the standard rebate and applies to residents of Environmental Justice (EJ) communities, distress municipalities, participants in qualifying state or federal income-based assistance programs, or who have income less than 300% of the Federal Poverty Level. CHEAPR also offers vouchers towards the purchase of used vehicles (Rebate+ Used) with the same eligibility criteria. See here
Connecticut also ran a successful e-bike incentive program in 2023 that provided over 1400 vouchers to residents of Environmental Justice (EJ) communities, distressed municipalities, participants in qualifying state or federal income-based assistance programs, or who have income less than 300% of the Federal Poverty Level. See here
Public transit: Connecticut’s Housing Incentive Zone Program provides funding to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities or high-density areas, and they consider proximity to transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Proximity to transit qualifies for points under CT’s QAP.
Connecticut’s Transit-Oriented Development Fund is an established $15 million private public partnership fund administrated by the CT Dept of Economic and Community development. The fund is a competitive grant program intended to provide funding to municipalities and regional councils of government for transit-oriented development (TOD) projects and/or projects that demonstrate responsible growth. Includes a residential component with a minimum percentage of affordable housing, based on the specific demographics of each site.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit: Delaware does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor does it consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
However, Delaware Transit Corportation’s “Get a Job, Get a Ride” program provides new employees a free 30-Day Bus Pass that allows for transportation to and from work for 30 days after starting a new job. In Spring of 2021, the Delaware Department of Transportation, DART office launched DART Connect, a new service pilot project funded under the Federal Transit Administration’s Accelerating Innovative Mobility grant. This project connects residents of the most rural and underserved areas of the state with flexible and on-demand transportation options to get them to their jobs, doctors’ appointments, and grocery stores.
EV Programs: Delaware does not have a program explicit to underserved communities for EV charging infrastructure, though the charging station rebate program provides 90% for those who live in multi-unit dwellings.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
D.C.'s Amendment 10801 to the Housing Code requires the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities. The District also considers the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners. Preference will be given to Projects that are located within ¼ - ½ mile of a Metrorail station or a DC Streetcar stop, and/or neighborhood amenities such as full-service grocery stores, public libraries, public or charter schools, aging services, recreation facilities, or primary care providers
EV programs: Although DC does not have EJ-specific incentives, PEPCO’s 2019 transportation electrification plan calls for at least 20% of its utility-owned DCFC chargers to be deployed in communities identified as “disadvantaged,” which include Wards 5, 6, and 7, identified as areas most highly affected by air pollution.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit: § 420.9076(4)(k) Florida Statutes, directs the Affordable Housing Advisory Committee to assess: “The support of development near transportation hubs and major employment centers and mixed uses”, during the project selection process. Municipalities may offer other financial or regulatory incentives. https://flhousing.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Affordable-Housing-Resource-Guide-FINAL-06.202033806.pdf
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities. However, Georgia does consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public Transit: The State has established the Hawaii Interagency Council for Transit-Oriented Development, tasked with developing and implementing a State strategic plan for TOD, including mixed-use and affordable and rental housing. TOD plans on Oahu are centered along the 20-mile corridor of the Honolulu Rail Transit Project, while neighbor islands require a different TOD approach focused on bus and other transit services serving lower density areas. The TOD strategic plan outlines the State's vision for investing in livable and equitable communities which are walkable, served by public and multimodal transportation options, and provide ready and affordable access to the necessities of daily life. (https://planning.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/State-TOD-Strategic-Plan_Dec-2017-Rev-Aug-2018.pdf).
While not direct incentives, the State has adopted program or financing/funding tools that aim to facilitate the provision of affordable housing in TOD areas or in proximity to transit stations or bus stops/hubs on the Neighbor Islands. These include the following:
(1) Hawaii Housing Finance and Development Corporation (HHFDC) is authorized to establish regional state infrastructure subaccounts within its Dwelling Unit Revolving Fund for grants or loans to State and County agencies to provide infrastructure for housing and mixed-use transit-oriented development projects in a county. The Hawaii Interagency Council for Transit-Oriented Development is to review and make recommendations on applications for subaccount funds for infrastructure projects related to transit-oriented development (HRS § 201H-191.5).
(2) Hawaii Community Development Authority (HCDA) is authorized to establish TOD infrastructure improvement districts to facilitate and/or engage in infrastructure development in areas within one-half mile of transit stations or transit hubs/nodes (HRS § 206E-241 - 249). This was recently enacted and HCDA is still working on standing up the program.
(3) Office of Planning and Sustainable Development (OPSD) State TOD CIP Planning Grant Program. This consists of the award of annual appropriations of CIP funds to the OPSD for planning activities for TOD projects in the State Strategic Plan for Transit-Oriented Development. A key evaluation criterion is the provision of affordable housing in proximity to transit facilities in TOD areas. The small planning grants are intended to advance and accelerate TOD project development and implementation.
While not a state program, Federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program administered by the Hawaii Housing Finance & Development Corporation (HHFDC) does consider a project's proximity to transit facilities when awarding tax credits. Projects closer to public transportation may receive a higher score during the evaluation process, making them more competitive for credits.(https://dbedt.hawaii.gov/hhfdc/files/2023/12/2024-Qualified-Allocation-Plan-12-15-23.pdf)
E-programs: The Department of Transportation offers rebates for e-bikes and electric mopeds of up to $500 or 20% of the retail price available for eligible purchases of newly purchased electric bicycles and electric mopeds. The statute authorizing this program is HRS §196-7.8.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Idaho does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, and it does not consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit: We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, but it does consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
EV programs: Illinois gives priority to low-income applicants for their new/used EV purchase rebate over other applicants.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities.
Indiana does consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities.
Iowa's low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC) program awards additional points in the competitive application review process for projects that are either 1/4 or 1/2 mile of a bus stop.
Currently Iowa does not have any programs targeting specific funding sources for electric vehicle infrastructure. However, the Iowa Department of Transportation completed deployment planning for the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure federal funding which includes the plan and associated metrics for delivering at least 40 percent of the overall benefits to disadvantaged communities.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities. Kansas does consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities and for the Low-Income Housing Tax Credits for Kentucky.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities and for the Low-Income Housing Tax Credits.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit: We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities. Maine does award points for smart growth for its Low-Income Housing Tax Credits if it’s located within a Safe Walking Distance (1/2 mile or less) of a designated pick-up location for existing fixed-route Public Transportation
EV Programs: Efficiency Maine provides a tiered system of incentives offering progressively higher amounts for moderate-income and low-income households, respectively, in Maine. Efficiency Maine also offers enhanced rebates for non-profit organizations providing services to low-income communities. For details, please visit https://www.efficiencymaine.com/electric-vehicle-incentives-for-low-and-moderate-income-mainers/.
Additionally, Efficiency Maine is running a pilot program promoting the use of electric bicycles through government or nonprofit organizations that serve low- and moderate-income customers. It recently made three awards to Lewiston Housing Authority, Portland Housing Authority, and South Portland Housing Authority. These entities will make e-bikes available for use by their residents and/or employees to offset transportation that would otherwise be provided by fossil fuel vehicles.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit access
While no financial incentive programs are known to exist at the state level to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, the Maryland Department of Planning does provide planning and implementation resource to support state and local TOD efforts. The Maryland Department of Housing and Community Development considers the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners (e.g., eight points are award for a project that is part of a Maryland Department of Transportation Transit Oriented Development, eight points are awarded to projects that are within a half mile radius of a planned or existing rail stop, five points to a project within a half mile of two separate bus lines). See https://dhcd.maryland.gov/HousingDevelopment/Documents/rhf/2023MRFP-Guide.pdf, page 66.
Under DHCD's multifamily rental financing program guide competitive scoring criteria, eight points are award for a project that is part of a Maryland Department of Transportation Transit Oriented Development, eight points are awarded to projects that are within a half mile radius of a planned or existing rail stop, and five points to a project within a half mile of two separate bus lines. See https://dhcd.maryland.gov/HousingDevelopment/Documents/rhf/2023MRFP-Guide.pdf, page 66.
Equity in transportation electrification
The Medium and Heavy Duty Zero Emission Vehicle program implemented by the Maryland Energy Administration doesn't offer direct or increased financial incentives based on income or community status. However, the Funding Opportunity Announcement for the Program strongly encourages applications that benefit underserved or overburdened communities as defined in §1-701 of the Maryland Code, Environment Article.
Here's how MEA is prioritizing projects that align with this goal:
1. Application Evaluation: During the review process, MEA gives preference to projects that demonstrate a clear benefit to underserved or overburdened communities.
2. Focus on Public Benefit: MEA prioritizes qualified medium-duty or heavy-duty zero-emission vehicles owned or operated by entities serving these communities, such as public transportation, waste collection, or delivery services.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit access
The state considers the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal and state Low-Income Housing Tax Credits (LIHTC) for the preservation and production of affordable housing. The U.S. Department of Treasury requires that all state LIHTC allocating agencies, including the Executive Office of Housing and Livable Communities (EOHLC), prepare and publish a Qualified Allocation Plan (QAP), which sets the funding priorities, guidelines, and requirements for accessing LIHTC. The current QAP has competitive scoring criteria that includes a development’s proximity to transit.
Massachusetts also provides financial support to housing projects located near transit facilities through a number of state programs: Commercial Area Transit Node Housing Program, MassWorks TOD Infrastructure and Housing Support Program, and the Housing and Smart Growth Incentives (Chapter 40R). In addition, state-funded technical assistance is available for MBTA Communities that must comply with Section 3A of the Zoning Act.
Source:
Qualified Allocation Plan | Mass.gov
https://www.mass.gov/regulations/760-CMR-6200-commercial-area-transit-node-housing-program
https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massworks-infrastructure-program
https://www.mass.gov/info-details/chapter-40r
Equity in transportation electrification
The state provides a $1,500 electric vehicle purchase rebate adder for income qualified purchasers and the MOR-EV used vehicle rebate is also an income qualified only program. See more details about MOR-EV in section 4b.
MassEVIP’s competitive Direct Current Fast Charging Solicitation included project selection criteria upon which applications were evaluated, including whether the project is located in an area that contains an Environmental Justice area as defined by the state, and whether the applicant, site host or vendor is listed as a certified business with the Commonwealth’s Supplier Diversity Office (https://www.mass.gov/orgs/supplier-diversity-office-sdo).
The MassEVIP Multi-Unit Dwelling and Educational Campus (MUDC) offering has devoted $2.5 million to applicants in dwellings with 5 or more residential units or at least 15 students on-site, including $1.5 million in VW Settlement funds and $1 million from the Massachusetts Climate Mitigation Trust.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit access
We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities. Michigan considers proximity to transportation score urban and rural projects for its 2024-2025 LIHTC (up to 3 points awarded).
Equity in transportation electrification: We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize EV and EV charging for underserved communities.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit: Minnesota incentivizes the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities through the Land Acquisition for Affordable New Development (LAAND) Program, and it considers the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
EV Programs: Electric School Bus Program
For school districts with a priority classification by this program- defined by being above a 7.5% low-income threshold, rural, or districts serving Tribal land—are eligible for a grant covering 95% of the cost incurred by purchase an EV bus.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Mississippi does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor does it consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit access
We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities. Missouri gives 1 point in its 2023-2024 QAP for showing a map with public transit routes that connect the economic development project and the housing development project.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Montana does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor does it consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
The funding through the Volkswagen Environmental Mitigation Settlement prioritizes funding for EV charging stations in underserved communities and serving vulnerable populations. DEQ uses EJ Screen to identify communities with populations at higher risk of exposure to air pollution from transportation.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities nor for proximity to transit in the LIHTC.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
NRS 278.235 requires the adoption of six of 12 possible measures (Sub-paragraphs (a) through (l) of the statute) into the Housing Plan as instruments used in maintaining and developing affordable housing - one of which includes ‘Providing financial incentives or density bonuses to promote appropriate transit-oriented housing developments that would include an affordable housing component’
Nevada considers the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit access
New Hampshire does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor does it consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Equity in transportation electrification
The project scoring criteria for both the State Clean Diesel Grant Program and Granite State Clean Fleets included points for project benefiting underserved communities and those disproportionately impacted by air pollution as determined using the Environmental Protection Agency's EJScreen mapping tool.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Policies service low-income residents: Aspire is a place-based economic development program created under the New Jersey Economic Recovery Act of 2020 (ERA) to support mixed-use, transit-oriented development with tax credits to commercial and residential real estate development projects that have financing gaps. All residential Aspire projects must include at least 20 percent affordable housing.
NJ also considers the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners (up to 5 points awarded).
EV and EV charging programs: MUD charger incentive for overburdened communities: New Jersey Board of Public Utilities’ (NJBPU) MUD EV Charger Incentive Program offers grants - $6,000 toward the purchase of a Level-Two EV charging station for an MUD located in an Overburdened Municipality or in a 100% deed restricted low and/or moderate-income development.
NJDEP also prioritizes overburdened communities to distribute Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicle Electrification Grants. they also have additional funding available for the MDHD ZEV Voucher Program
NJDEP eMobility Grant Program, which provides funding to increase electric mobility solutions including carshare, rideshare, and ride hailing services for residents in underserved areas.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
New Mexico does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, but it does consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners for up to 6 points.
EV charging infrastructure programs: Expiring in 2027 the Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Make-Ready Building Renovation Tax Credit - The Sustainable Building Tax Credit (SBTC) provides a renovation tax credit for the purchase and installation of EV make-ready infrastructure at existing buildings. Residential properties are eligible for a $500 tax credit, increasing to $1,000 if the infrastructure is for an income-eligible resident. Commercial properties are eligible for a tax credit of 50% of the cost, up to $1,500, increasing to 100% of the cost, up to $3,000, if the infrastructure is for affordable housing
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit: 2023: The New York Housing Compact will make available a $250 million Infrastructure Fund and $20 million Planning Fund to support new housing production statewide. Municipalities may submit requests for planning funding to undertake either required Transit-Oriented Development rezonings or Preferred Actions to help them hit their growth targets. These include new property tax exemptions to encourage mixed income housing development near train stations and incentivize affordable housing in commercial buildings that are converted to residential use in New York City
"The NYS Homes and Community Renewal considers transportation proximity in their distribution of state funds and federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
EV programs: For many vehicle types, the NY truck voucher is only available for vehicles that are depo-ed in or serve regular routes in disadvantaged communities. NY school bus program provides additional financial incentives for high-need school districts and school districts where at least 40% of the residents live in a designated disadvantaged community.
NYSERDA's Charge Ready NY program also offered bonuses for $500 per port for workplace and multifamily EV charging stations located in disadvantaged communities and has a requirement that any publicly accessible charging stations must be in designated disadvantaged communities.
Under the Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act (CLCPA) at least 35% of the benefits of clean energy investments, including EV investments, must benefit designated disadvantaged communities in New York State.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities.
The 2024 Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Qualified Allocation Plan considers proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners – with buses/transit stops qualify for up to 6 points (page 14).
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
North Dakota does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor does it consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Ohio does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor does it consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Oklahoma does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor does it consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit: We were unable to find information indicating state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities nor for proximity to transit in the LIHTC.
EV Programs: Oregon has Charge Ahead rebate of $5000 for new or used EVs for income-qualified folks (<400% federal poverty line).
Half of the grant funding of Community Renewable Energy Grant Program which allows Community Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Stations must be given to low-income, underserved, or rural communities.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public transit: In addition to offering incentives for walkability, Pennsylvania’s 2024 Qualified Action Plan for Tax Credits offers Low Income Housing Tax Credit incentives for projects that are located near transit facilities. The specific wording for project scoring is noted below.
Transit-Oriented Design – The Agency may award two (2) points to developments located within one-half mile of a completed or planned public transportation fixed route stop or located in an area with an alternate accessible no-cost transportation option.
Pennsylvania DEP’s current rebate program for consumer electric vehicle purchases includes an additional $1,000 for applicants that meet low-income household requirements. DEP is exploring options to further enhance the low and middle-income emphasis of the rebate in the next program update.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Rhode Island has programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities. The McKee Administration recently announced a package of budget proposals aimed at spurring housing development and creating housing opportunities, which includes a $29 million investment from State Fiscal Recovery Funds (SFRF). Specifically, $4.9 million of this investment is allocated for grants to support transit-oriented development. These grants are intended to fund housing developments near transit options and to help municipalities study and implement zoning changes that increase housing density in areas close to transit.
Rhode Island considers the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners. Page 37 of the 2024 Qualified Allocation Plan for Low Income Tax Credit Program describes transit and connectivity points of up to 2 points for various sub categories.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
South Carolina does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor does it consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
South Dakota does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor does it consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Expanding access to public transit
Statewide Job Access Reverse Commute: This Coordinated Statewide JARC planning project will use active community engagement and human-centered design to identify and address critical transportation needs for employment access in persistent poverty communities. The final objective is a fully developed Statewide JARC Program which will increase access to jobs through enhanced transit options in persistent poverty areas, with an emphasis on innovate program design.
We could not find preference for proximity to transit in TN’s 2024 Qualified Allocation Plan for LIHTC.
Equitable transportation electrification
Under the state's initial allocation under the Volkswagen Settlement Environmental Mitigation Trust, all grant programs released by TDEC thus far (the School Bus Replacement Grant Program, Transit and Shuttle Bus Grant Program, and the Medium and Large Truck Grant Program) have offered higher funding caps for government-owned projects that will operate 70% or more of the time in economically Distressed counties (as defined by the Appalachian Regional Commission).
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Texas does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities.
It does consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners in its 2024 Qualified Allocation Plan. The plan specifies the following: Access to Jobs. A Development site which qualifies for at least 2 points under subparagraph (A) or (B) may qualify for up to 2 additional points under this subparagraph if the Development Site is within one half-mile from the entrance of a public transportation stop or station with a route schedule that provides regularly scheduled service to employment and basic services (2 points)
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Under its Qualified Allocation Plan (QAP), the Utah Housing Corporation awards points to the development of projects located within 1/3 of a mile of FrontRunner or TRAX OR bus stop along core route. Furthermore, projects located within 1/3 of a mile of walking distance along public access to an existing, currently under construction, or verified to be built Trax, FrontRunner, or S Line stop/station are considered Transit Oriented Developments and will be considered a bonus area, eligible for a basis boost of up to 30 percent
Proposals under the Housing and Transit Reinvestment Zone Act are required to promote the following: increasing availability of housing, including affordable housing, and fulfillment of moderate income housing plans
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Vermont does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, but it does consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners in its QAP (page 21).
Projects with Access to Public Transportation can receive up to 2 points. Projects located within 0.5 miles of local fixed routes will receive two checkmarks; Projects located within 0.5 miles of a “commuter” or regional/interregional limited transportation will receive one checkmark; Projects served by a “Demand Response” or specialized transportation will receive one checkmark.
EV Programs: Lower income applicants are eligible for higher new EV incentives in Vermont. The Multiunit Dwelling EVSE Grant Program is limited to affordable and nonprofit housing locations.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Public Transit: Virginia does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, but it does consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners according to its Qualified Allocation Plan (page 16). Projects can get up to 10 points for developments that are located within one-half mile of an existing commuter rail, light rail or subway station or one-quarter mile of one or more existing public bus stop.
EV Programs: Virginia has launched the EV Charging Assistance Program EVCAP to deploy EV charging to underserved communities not served in other federal programs. The Virginia Department of Energy offers grants of up to $400,000 to private businesses and public-private partnerships for the installation of EV charging stations in rural or underserved communities. More information can be found here/
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
In 2024, 5 projects received the first allocation of funds from a new transit-oriented development public-private partnership match program. Emphasizing projects already in the pipeline in dense, walkable communities, the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) and The Amazon Housing Equity fund partnered to provide $28.8 million that will advance 1,133 housing units. Link
Washington’s recently passed low-carbon fuel standard (HB 1091) and Cap & Invest (Climate Commitment Act, SB 5192) require at least 30% and 40% respectively of all program revenues to be invested in overburdened populations, i.e., mandate equitable deployment. Because these programs have programmatic and legislative funding targets towards EV adoption and EVSE deployment, Washington state can expect comprehensive and significant equitable deployment of transportation electrification.
The Washington Electric Vehicle Instant Rebate program will be offered only to Washington drivers in households making 300% of the federal poverty limit or below. The new MHDV voucher program will also offer higher incentive amounts for vehicles serving overburdened communities.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
West Virginia considers the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners in the 2024 Qualified Allocation Plan. Up to 10 points are awarded for projects showing that the property is located within 1/5th of a mile from a public transportation stop (e.g. bus stop, PRT station, bus route with “hail and ride” stops), or that a public transportation stop will be added within 1/5th of a mile (walkable route, not as the crow flies) in conjunction with the establishment of the New Supply housing.
Last updated: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Wisconsin does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor does it consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last Reviewed: November 2024
Equitable Access to Transportation:
Wyoming does not have any state programs in place to incentivize the creation of low-income housing near transit facilities, nor does it consider the proximity of transit facilities when distributing federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credits to qualifying property owners.
Last Reviewed: November 2024