Location Efficiency
Policies which encourage compact, mixed-use communities improve the overall efficiency of the transportation system. Changes to zoning regulations can direct investment and development toward high density, mixed-use construction around existing transit facilities promoting the creation of walkable, mixed-use communities. Removing minimum parking requirements prevents sprawl and develops compact construction and walkable areas. Complete streets policies foster the increased use of alternatives to driving by creating a comprehensive network of connected streets, sidewalks and bicycle lanes or by connecting transit facilities.
This sub-category includes information on four topics: Adoption of a location-efficient zoning code and its applicability (to the whole jurisdiction or certain neighborhoods); adoption of residential parking policies requiring no more than one parking space per residential unit; formal adoption of a complete streets policy ; incentives in place for location-efficient development and/or policies for disclosure of location efficiency information.
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Akron has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Akron has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
The City of Akron does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Akron does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: August 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2018, Albuquerque modified its zoning code to allow mixed uses by-right in certain areas previously zoned for non-residential uses.
Parking Requirements
Albuquerque does not have at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit, nor does it have one with no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Albuquerque offers two incentives for location efficient development, including a building height bonus and parking reductions for developments near transit.
Affordable Housing around Transit
Albuquerque incentivizes affordable housing near transit by providing a height bonus for the development of workforce housing in "Premium Transit" areas.
Last Updated: August 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
The City of Akron does not have any efficiency based zoning policies.
Residential Parking Requirements
Article 1321.02 of Allentown's zoning code requires that there be .75 parking spaces per unit for construction related to hotels, motels and housing that is permanently restricted to persons 62 years and older and/or the physically handicapped, and requires no more than 1 parking space per unit for most other developments.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: October 2021
Alirngton County's General Land Use Plan encourages location-efficient development throughout the city. Additionally, this county offers incenctives to encourage compact, mixed-use development such as the Green Building Program Density Incenctive, a form based code to encourage mixed-use development in the Columbia Pike Corridor, and allowable ground floor uses for major planning corridors in Arlington's densest areas. This county has not yet removed minimum parking requirements for new developments.
Last updated: May 2017
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2017, Atlanta modified its zoning code to allow by-right accessory dwelling units (ADUs) by-right in more areas; more specifically, the city expanded the areas allowing ADUs to the R-4 and R-4A single-family districts.
Parking Requirements
The City of Atlanta has eliminated parking minimums for developments within 2,640 feet of a high capacity transit stop, with exceptions.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Atlanta offers a density bonus in certain districts for mixed-use developments and developments near transit.
Affordable Housing around Transit
MARTA, the largest public transit agency serving the City of Atlanta, partnered with Morgan Stanley and the National Equity Fund to launch the Greater Atlanta Transit-Oriented Affordable Housing Preservation Fund in 2021. The fund incentivizes and provides gap funding for owners and landlords of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: August 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
The City of Augusta does not have any efficiency-based zoning policies.
Residential Parking Requirements
There are several varieties of structures that, within the CBD, are required to provide no more than one parking spot per a certain amount of sq. footage that the structure occupies (4-3 pages 41 and 42).
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: October 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Aurora has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Aurora has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Aurora does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Aurora does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: August 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Austin has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Austin has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts, such as the Central Business District. Austin has also established parking maximums in some districts, but these do not increase the city's score on this metric because the maximums are greater than 0.5 spaces per housing unit.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Austin has location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Austin does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: August 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
Bakersfield’s zoning code does not require transit-oriented development, compact or mixed land use development, street connectivity, or form-based zoning, but the zoning code does include overlay and mixed-use as optional for several areas.
Residential Parking Policies
The City requires 2 parking spaces per dwelling unit.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
We could not determine if the City offers incentives to encourage compact, mixed-use development.
Last Updated: October 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2017, the City of Baltimore revised its zoning code and created several new mixed-use zoning districts, including the industrial mixed-use, office-industrial campus, rowhouse mixed-use overlay, and detached dwelling mixed-use overlay districts. The zoning update also included a new transit-oriented development district.
Parking Requirement
The City of Baltimore does not require minimum parking for certain rowhouse developments. Baltimore has also established parking maximums for multifamily developments, but these do not increase the city's score on this metric because the maximums are greater than 0.5 spaces per housing unit.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Baltimore does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Baltimore does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
BONUS: Equitable EV Charging
Baltimore Parking Authority is working to deploy EV charging infrastructure in disadvantaged communities by installing publicly-accessible charging infrastructure in coordination with other city agencies. The Parking Authority aims to install 30% of stations in Equity Zones, which are census tracts that contain the lowest quartile of median income.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
The City of Baton Rouge does not have any efficiency-based zoning policies.
Residential Parking Requirements
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: October 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
Birmingham has mandatory Downtown and Triangle District form-based codes that were written as optional but became mandatory in 2007.
Residential Parking Policies
The City requires a minimum of one parking space per residential unit in some neighborhoods and one and a half spaces in other neighborhoods.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
There are no incentives available through the City to promote location efficiency.
Last Updated: October 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Boise has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
The City of Boise has established parking maximums for multifamily developments in some districts, but because the maximums are greater than 1 space per housing unit, the city does not earn points for this metric.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Boise offers a density bonus for developments adjacent to roadways with transit service.
Affordable Housing around Transit
Boise's Housing Land Trust is building affordable housing on city-owned land near transit under its A Home for Everyone approach.
Last Updated: August 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Boston has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Although Boston has removed parking minimums for specific developments (for example, developments in which at least 60% of the units are income-restricted), this does not apply to all residential developments in a particular zone, neighborhood, or district. Therefore, the city did not earn points for this metric.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Boston does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Boston does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: August 2023
Boulder has not yet implemented location efficient zoning codes to be used across the city or in any specific neighborhood. The city allows one or more parking space per residential unit. Boulder adopted its complete streets policy in 2008, through the Transportation Master Plan. The adoption of the guidelines encourages the inclusion of complete streets principles in all road construction and maintenance projects. As an incentive to promote location-efficient real estate development, Boulder provides density bonuses in certain zoning districts where growth is anticipated.
Last Updated: October 2015
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Bridgeport has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Bridgeport eliminated parking minimums citywide in a 2022 comprehensive update to the zoning code.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Bridgeport does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Bridgeport does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: August 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
The city's Land Use Plan of 2016 highlights mixed-use development as a land use recommendation and transportation-oriented development. Additionally, the Master Energy Plan highlights the Green Code, which supports transit-oriented-development, mixed-use development, and compact development. New developments of certain size and in certain zones under the Buffalo Green Code are required to complete a TDM plan.
Residential Parking Policies
Per Article 8 of the Buffalo Green Code Unified Development Ordinance, the recently adopted code does not require mandated parking minimums for new developments in the City but does require a minimum number of bicycle parking facilities and a transportation demand management (TDM) plan for new developments of exceeding certain size.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
We could not determine if the City offers incentives to encourage compact, mixed-use development.
Last Updated: October 2021
Burlington has not yet implemented location efficient zoning codes to be used across the city or in any specific neighborhood. The city allows one or more parking space per residential unit. Vermont adopted its complete streets policy in 2011, through H 198. The adoption of the guidelines encourages the transportation systems of Vermont to include complete streets principles in all road construction and maintenance projects. There are no incentives available through the city to promote location efficiency.
Last updated: October 2015
Location Efficient Zoning
The purpose of the City's South Cape district is to promote redevelopment and enhancement of the traditional commercial center of Cape Coral into a more compact and walkable form of growth and to create a destination for residents and visitors. This district encourages mixed-use development. Existing commercial and professional buildings will be supplemented with entertainment activities and a wide diversity of housing types to create a vibrant work, live, shop, and play district that serves the entire city and region. (Article 4 - Zoning Codes - Section 4.1.2, C.6)
Residential Parking Requirements
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: October 2021
Carrboro’s Land Use Ordinance promotes mixed-use developments in several zoning districts. To rezone to a Village Mixed Use Development (Sec. 15-176.2), applicants must adhere to 10 mixed-use principles including preservation of open space, pedestrian preference and accessibility, and proximity of uses. On average, the town requires one or more parking spaces per residential unit. A complete-streets-like policy is included in the Carrboro Land Use Ordinance (Sec. 15-216). As an incentive to promote location-efficient real estate development, Carrboro provides density bonuses and parking requirement flexibility for location-efficient developments.
Last updated: April 2014
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Charleston has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Charleston has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Charleston does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Charleston does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2022, Charlotte adopted the Unified Development Ordinance, which updated the zoning code to allow up to three residential units (triplexes) per lot in all residential districts by-right.
Parking Requirement
Charlotte has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Charlotte offers a height bonus for developments that dedicate a part of their property to future transit right of way. In other words, these developments can receive a height bonus for setting aside private property for future public transit infrastructure.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Charlotte does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: January 2024
Charlottesville’s zoning code established mixed-use corridor districts (City Code Chp 34, Art. VI) to encourage location-efficient developments. There are areas around the city that are zoned as Planned Unit Development (allowing for more compact development in neighborhoods), mixed-use zones, and medium and high density areas around the University of Virginia. Parking requirements have been removed in at least three neighborhoods (the Corner, Urban Core, and West Main). Charlottesville implemented a complete streets policy in 2010. As an incentive to promote location-efficient real estate development, Charlottesville provides density bonuses and expedited permitting to developers.
Last updated: October 2015
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Chattanooga has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
Chattanooga has eliminated parking minimums in its Central Business Zone.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Chattanooga does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Chattanooga does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Chicago has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Chicago has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Chicago offers reductions in minimum lot area required, height bonuses, reductions in minimum parking required, and increases in floor area for transit-oriented developments.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by exempting these developments from minimum parking requirements and prioritizing these developments when administering Low-Income Housing Tax Credits.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
California's SB 9 became law in 2021 and went into effect in 2022. This allows lots in single-family zones throughout the state to be split into two lots, and allows up to two units to be built on each lot, effectively increasing the number of units permitted per lot from one to four in single-family zones. SB 9 applies to residential zones in all California cities, including Chula Vista.
Residential Parking Policies
California's AB-2097 was passed in 2022 and prohibits local governments from imposing minimum parking requirements on new residential, commercial, and industrial developments within 1/2 mile of a rail transit station or the intersection of two frequent bus routes. Therefore, certain districts in Chula Vista do not have minimum parking requirements.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Chula Vista does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing Around Transit
Though Chula Vista does incentivize the development of affordable housing, the City does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: January 2024
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Cincinnati has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Cincinnati has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Cincinnati does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
No data was found that to show the City of Cincinnati requires, preserves, or incentivizes the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Cleveland has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Cleveland has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Cleveland does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Cleveland does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Residential Parking Requirements
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: November 2021
Location Efficient Zoning
The City's zoning plan provides for several different mixed-use districts, development corridors, and neighborhoods. Pedestrian-oriented development is of primary import in many of these zones as well as others throughout the city.
Residential Parking Requirements
The City's parking requirements do not meet the minimum threshold for scoring.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: November 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Columbus has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Columbus has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Columbus offers a tax exemption for transit-oriented developments downtown.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Columbus does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Dallas has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Dallas has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Dallas does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing Around Transit
The City of Dallas does not currently require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Residential Parking Requirements
There are no minimum parking requirements for uses located in the central business (CBD) and urban business (UBD) zoning districts, with the exception of multi-family and single-family attached uses in the UBD. See sub-section 150.320.5 (A), Provision of Off-street Parking. (Ord. 30515-05, passed 12-28-05).
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: November 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2022, Denver modified its zoning code to allow ADUs in more districts by-right.
Parking Requirements
Denver has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Denver does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Denver does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
In 2019, Des Moines modified its zoning code to allow ADUs in more districts by-right.
Parking Requirements
Des Moines has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
The City of Des Moines incentivizes transit-oriented development by offering tax abatement to residential developments that include at least four energy efficiency and sustainability features from a list of 10, one of which is locating within 1/4 mile of a DART transit stop.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Des Moines does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: January 2024
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Detroit has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Policies
Detroit has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Detroit does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing Around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit through subsidies given to affordable housing developments targeting existing multifamily/mixed-use districts.
Last Updated: September 2023
Dubuque has not yet implemented location efficient zoning codes to be used across the city or in any specific neighborhood. Dubuque allows one or more parking space per residential unit. Dubuque adopted its complete streets policy in 2009, through the Historic Millwork District Master Plan. The adoption of the guidelines encourages the inclusion of complete streets principles in road construction and maintenance projects throughout the historic district. There are no incentives available through the city to promote location efficiency.
Last Updated: October 2013
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Durham has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Durham has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
The City of Durham does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Durham does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
Plan El Paso implements a smart code for the city with a focus on walkable development around the city’s transit stations.
Residential Parking Policies
The City's parking code requires 2 parking spaces per dwelling across the city, with 100% reduction allowed in historic districts and downtown area.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
We could not confirm if there are incentives available through the City to promote location efficiency.
Last Updated: November 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Fayetteville has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Fayetteville has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
The City of Fayetteville does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Fayetteville does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
Fort Worth has implemented form-based codes to govern development in the Downtown, Berry/University, Camp Bowie, Near Southside, Panther Island, and Stockyards neighborhoods.
Residential Parking Policies
The City allows one or more parking spaces per residential unit. The City has removed minimum parking requirements and added maximum parking requirements for all non-residential uses citywide. The City has recently removed all parking requirements from locally designated historic properties and properties listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City has community-wide mixed-use zoning and urban residential zoning categories that offer height and density bonuses. The City has dedicated project facilitators for mixed-use and urban residential development that expedite land development and permitting.
Last Updated: November 2021
Location Efficient Zoning
California's SB 9 became law in 2021 and went into effect in 2022. This allows lots in single-family zones throughout the state to be split into two lots, and allows up to two units to be built on each lot, effectively increasing the number of units permitted per lot from one to four in single-family zones. SB 9 applies to residential zones in all California cities, including Fresno.
Parking Requirements
California's AB-2097 was passed in 2022 and prohibits local governments from imposing minimum parking requirements on new residential, commercial, and industrial developments within 1/2 mile of a rail transit station or the intersection of two frequent bus routes. Therefore, certain districts in Fresno do not have minimum parking requirements.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
Fresno offers fee waivers and fee reductions for infill projects in the Bus Rapid Transit corridor.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by offering height and density incentives for affordable housing developments near transit.
Last Updated: January 2024
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Grand Rapids has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Grand Rapids has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Grand Rapids offers height and density bonuses for micro-unit affordable housing developments near transit.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Grand Rapids does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
There are several districts within the city such as the Commercial High District (C-H) and the Central Business District (CB) that are zoned for high density and/or mixed-use.
Residential Parking Requirements
Certain building forms have a minimum parking requirement as low as .75 spaces per bedroom/dwelling unit.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
We could not confirm if there are incentives available through the City to promote location efficiency.
Last Updated: November 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Hartford has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Hartford has eliminated parking minimums citywide.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Hartford offers a density bonus for developments in the downtown and transit-oriented development districts.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by providing density bonus to developments in the downtown or transit-oriented-development districts when affordable housing consists of more than 15% of residential units.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
Henderson’s zoning code does not require transit-oriented development, compact or mixed land use development, street connectivity, or form-based zoning, but the zoning code does include mixed use as optional for several neighborhoods.
Residential Parking Policies
The City requires a minimum of 2 parking spaces per dwelling unit.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
We could not confirm if there are incentives available through the City to promote location efficiency.
Last Updated: November 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Honolulu has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
Honolulu has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Honolulu offers a density bonus for transit-oriented developments.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by providing fee and property tax waivers for affordable housing developments in transit-oriented-development areas.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2023, Houston modified its development code to allow developments with three or more residential units in more districts by-right.
Parking Requirements
Houston has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Houston offers a tax abatement program for mixed-use developments.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Houston does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2021, Indianapolis modified its zoning code to create a TOD overlay zone.
Residential Parking Policies
Indianapolis has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Indianapolis does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Indianapolis does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
Jacksonville’s Traditional Neighborhood Development ordinance is a citywide form-based ordinance that has been in place since 1987.
Residential Parking Policies
The City allows two parking spaces, at a minimum, for single-family homes, and 1.5 spaces per multifamily unit. There are no minimum parking requirements for the downtown core area.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
There are no incentives available through the City to promote location efficiency.
Last Updated: November 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2022, Kansas City modified its zoning code to allow accessory dwelling units citywide by-right.
Parking Requirements
We were unable to find information indicating that Kansas City has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Kansas City does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
Kansas City incentivizes affordable housing near transit by providing tax exemptions for affordable housing in Transit Oriented Development (TOD) areas.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Knoxville has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Knoxville has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Knoxville does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit through an affordable rental deployment program aimed toward affordable housing developments near transit corridors.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
The City of Lakeland's land development code identifies several districts and overlays within whch mixed use developemnt is encouraged and has provisions for transit oriented corridors.
Residential Parking Requirement
Minimum parking requirements for different types of development are 1 parking spot per dwelling unit (with the exception of multi-family housing for the elderly which only requires .5 spaces per unit).
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: November 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2021, the City of Lansing modified its zoning code to allow multifamily development and mixed-use development in all commercial zones by-right.
Parking Requirement
Lansing has eliminated parking minimums in the DT-3 (downtown core area) district.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Lansing does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Lansing does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2017, Las Vegas modified its zoning code to allow developments with three or more residential units in more districts by-right.
Residential Parking Policies
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Las Vegas has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Las Vegas does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by providing developers with expedited review, fee waivers, density bonuses, height bonuses, and fee reductions.
Last Updated: January 2024
Lawrence has not yet implemented location efficient zoning codes to be used across the city or in any specific neighborhood. The city allows one or more parking spaces per residential unit. Lawrence adopted its Complete Streets policy in 2012. The adoption of the guidelines encourages the inclusion of complete streets principles in all road construction and maintenance projects.
Last Updated: October 2013
Location Efficient Zoning
Little Rock's Cedar/Pine Street Overlay District is meant to encourage mixed-use development, pedestrian connectivity, and walkability.
Residential Parking Requirements
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: November 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
California's SB 9 became law in 2021 and went into effect in 2022. This allows lots in single-family zones throughout the state to be split into two lots, and allows up to two units to be built on each lot, effectively increasing the number of units permitted per lot from one to four in single-family zones. SB 9 applies to residential zones in all California cities, including Long Beach.
Residential Parking Policies
California's AB-2097 was passed in 2022 and prohibits local governments from imposing minimum parking requirements on new residential, commercial, and industrial developments within 1/2 mile of a rail transit station or the intersection of two frequent bus routes. Therefore, certain districts in Long Beach do not have minimum parking requirements.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Long Beach offers floor area ratio bonuses, height bonuses, and reduced parking minimums for affordable housing developments near transit.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Long Beach does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
California's SB 9 became law in 2021 and went into effect in 2022. This allows lots in single-family zones throughout the state to be split into two lots, and allows up to two units to be built on each lot, effectively increasing the number of units permitted per lot from one to four in single-family zones. SB 9 applies to residential zones in all California cities, including Los Angeles.
Parking Requirements
California's AB-2097 was passed in 2022 and prohibits local governments from imposing minimum parking requirements on new residential, commercial, and industrial developments within 1/2 mile of a rail transit station or the intersection of two frequent bus routes. Therefore, certain districts in Los Angeles do not have minimum parking requirements.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Los Angeles offers a density bonus for affordable housing developments near transit.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by offering a height increase and density bonus to affordable housing developments within 1/2 mile of transit.
Last Updated: January 2024
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Louisville has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Louisville has established parking maximums of 2-5 spaces per housing unit in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Louisville does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by giving out low interest rate loans to new affordable housing developments, with easier qualification for those near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
In 2023, Madison modified its zoning code to create a transit-overlay district for areas near high-frequency transit.
Parking Requirements
Madison has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
The City of Madison does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit through its Affordable Housing Fund, giving financial support to developments in preferred transit-oriented development zones.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
McAllen has not yet implemented location-efficient zoning codes to be used across the city or in any specific neighborhood.
Residential Parking Policies
At this time, McAllen still has parking minimums in place.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
There are no incentives available through the City to promote location efficiency.
Last Updated: November 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2023, Memphis modified its zoning code to create a transit-oriented development overlay district.
Parking Requirements
Memphis has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Memphis does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Memphis does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: January 2024
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Mesa has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Mesa has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Mesa offers expedited review and reduced fees for redevelopment projects that fulfill certain walkability and mixed use requirements.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Mesa does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Miami has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Miami has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Miami offers a density bonus and a reduced minimum parking requirement for affordable housing developments near transit.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by providing density bonuses and reduced minimum parking requirements to affordable housing developments near transit.
Last Updated: January 2024
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Milwaukee has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Milwaukee has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Milwaukee does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Milwaukee does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2018, Minneapolis modified its zoning code to allow up to three units per lot by-right in all residential districts.
Parking Requirement
Minneapolis has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Minneapolis offers a floor area ratio bonus and density bonus for developments in its downtown districts.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by giving preference to these developments when administering Low Income Housing Tax Credits. The city also offers density bonuses for affordable housing in transit station areas.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
Montgomery County has a form-based code and countywide zoning overlays that focus on transit-oriented and mixed-use development.
Residential Parking Policies
Within a parking benefits district, Montgomery County allows 1 space per unit for single-family households.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Montgomery County's Bethesda Overlay Zone encourages mixed-use and compact development within the community.
Last updated: December 2019
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Nashville has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Nashville has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Nashville offers floor area bonuses, residential bonuses, and parking exemptions for mixed-use developments.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The Metro Nashville Barnes Housing Trust Fund builds affordable housing near transit by offering preference in grant funding to affordable housing developments near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2021, New Haven modified its zoning code to allow ADUs in more districts by-right.
Parking Requirements
New Haven has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of New Haven does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city requires affordable housing near transit by having all new developments in the downtown area rent 10% of its units at 50% median area income, and 5% at 50% median income in areas around downtown.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of New Orleans has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
New Orleans has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of New Orleans does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of New Orleans does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that New York City has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
New York City has eliminated parking minimums in the Manhattan Core. Additionally, the city has established parking maximums of 0.2 spaces per housing unit in the Manhattan Core.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
New York City does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
New York City does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
Newark’s zoning ordinance is a form-based code.
Residential Parking Policies
Newark has not reduced minimum parking requirements for developers.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Newark does not have location efficient incentives or disclosure requirements.
Last Updated: December 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
California's SB 9 became law in 2021 and went into effect in 2022. This allows lots in single-family zones throughout the state to be split into two lots, and allows up to two units to be built on each lot, effectively increasing the number of units permitted per lot from one to four in single-family zones. SB 9 applies to residential zones in all California cities, including San Francisco.
Parking Requirement
Oakland has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Oakland does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by giving preference to developments located near transit when selecting affordable housing projects to receive funding.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
The city's Meridian Gateway District is intended to encourage the growth of a mixed-use town center and multi-modal transportation hub for the city.
Residential Parking Policies
The city requires two parking spaces per residential dwelling.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Oklahoma City does not have location efficiency incentives or disclosure requirements.
Last Updated: December 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
Omaha’s zoning codes include requirements for mixed-use districts.
Residential Parking Policies
Omaha has varied levels of required parking throughout the city, and exemptions from off-street parking requirements are available.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The city's Planned Unit Redevelopment Overlay and Infill Guidelines are non-financial incentives provided bu the city for location efficiency. The city of Omaha also updated its master plan last fall to create Transit Oriented Development (TOD) overlay as a precursor to future zoning changes. Discussions of non-financial incentives (such as eliminating parking requirements) have been central to the design of these regulations.
Last Updated: December 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Orlando has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Orlando has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Orlando offers a density (units per acre) bonus and an intensity (floor area ratio) bonus for mixed-use developments in certain districts.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Orlando does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
California's SB 9 became law in 2021 and went into effect in 2022. This allows lots in single-family zones throughout the state to be split into two lots, and allows up to two units to be built on each lot, effectively increasing the number of units permitted per lot from one to four in single-family zones. SB 9 applies to residential zones in all California cities, including Oxnard.
Residential Parking Requirements
California's AB-2097 was passed in 2022 and prohibits local governments from imposing minimum parking requirements on new residential, commercial, and industrial developments within 1/2 mile of a rail transit station or the intersection of two frequent bus routes. Therefore, certain districts in Oxnard do not have minimum parking requirements.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
The City of Oxnard does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Oxnard does not require or offer incentives for the development of affordable housing in new, transit-oriented developments or preserve existing affordable housing in transit-served areas.
Last Updated: January 2024
Park City has not yet implemented location efficient zoning codes to be used across the city or in any specific neighborhood. Park City allows one or more parking space per residential unit. Park City has not yet written or codified a Complete Streets Policy. There are no incentives available through the city to promote location efficiency.
Last updated: October 2015
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Philadelphia has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Philadelphia has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Philadelphia does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by awarding density bonuses to affordable housing in transit-oriented development zones.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Phoenix has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Phoenix has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Phoenix offers a density bonus for developments within transit-oriented development (TOD) districts.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Phoenix does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Pittsburgh has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Pittsburgh has established parking maximums of 1 space per housing unit in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Pittsburgh does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing Around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by offering height bonuses to affordable housing developments in the Uptown EcoInnovation District.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2020, Portland modified its zoning code to allow up to 4 residential units by-right in all residential districts.
Parking Requirement
Portland has eliminated parking minimums citywide.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Portland does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
Portland has an inclusionary housing policy which requires all housing developments larger than 20 units, including those near transit, to provide affordable units.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Providence has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
Providence has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Providence offers a height bonus for downtown developments.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Providence does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Residential Parking Requirements
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: December 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2021, Raleigh modified its zoning code to allow developments with 3+ units in single-family zones, as well as created a transit-oriented development overlay district.
Parking Requirements
Raleigh has eliminated parking minimums citywide.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Raleigh does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by providing affordable housing developments with preference in gap financing/loans from the city’s Rental Development Program if they are within 0.5 miles of a transit stop.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Reno has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Reno has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Reno does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Reno does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Richmond has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
Richmond has eliminated parking minimums citywide.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Richmond offers a density bonus for residential developments in its Central Business District.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Richmond does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
California's SB 9 became law in 2021 and went into effect in 2022. This allows lots in single-family zones throughout the state to be split into two lots, and allows up to two units to be built on each lot, effectively increasing the number of units permitted per lot from one to four in single-family zones. SB 9 applies to residential zones in all California cities, including Riverside.
Parking Requirements
Riverside has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Riverside does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by providing a density bonus to 100% affordable housing developments in transit-rich areas.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Rochester has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
Rochester has eliminated parking minimums in the Center City District.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Rochester does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Rochester does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Code
California's SB 9 became law in 2021 and went into effect in 2022. This allows lots in single-family zones throughout the state to be split into two lots, and allows up to two units to be built on each lot, effectively increasing the number of units permitted per lot from one to four in single-family zones. SB 9 applies to residential zones in all California cities, including Sacramento.
Parking Requirements
Sacramento has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Sacramento does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Sacramento does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2018, the City of St. Paul modified its zoning code to allow accessory dwelling units (ADUs) in all residential districts.
Parking Requirement
St. Paul has eliminated parking minimums citywide.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of St. Paul does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by giving preference to developments located near transit when allocating Low Income Housing Tax Credits.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the Salt Lake City has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the Salt Lake City has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Salt Lake City offers expedited review for certain types of developments, including mixed-use developments near transit.
Affordable Housing around Transit
Salt Lake City does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: January 2024
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of San Antonio has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirements
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of San Antonio has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of San Antonio does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of San Antonio does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
California's SB 9 became law in 2021 and went into effect in 2022. This allows lots in single-family zones throughout the state to be split into two lots, and allows up to two units to be built on each lot, effectively increasing the number of units permitted per lot from one to four in single-family zones. SB 9 applies to residential zones in all California cities, including San Francisco.
Parking Requirement
San Diego has eliminated residential parking minimums in Sustainable Development Areas.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
San Diego offers expedited permitting for mixed-use developments.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by offering unlimited density and an additional 33 feet in maximum height to 100% affordable developments in Transit Priority Areas.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
California's SB 9 became law in 2021 and went into effect in 2022. This allows lots in single-family zones throughout the state to be split into two lots, and allows up to two units to be built on each lot, effectively increasing the number of units permitted per lot from one to four in single-family zones. SB 9 applies to residential zones in all California cities, including San Francisco.
Parking Requirement
San Francisco has eliminated parking minimums citywide.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
San Francisco offers a density bonus for mixed-use developments through the HOME-SF bonus program.
Affordable Housing around Transit
San Francisco has an inclusionary housing policy which requires that all housing developments larger than 10 units, including those near transit, have a certain percent of deed-restricted below market rate units.
Last Updated: August 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
California's SB 9 became law in 2021 and went into effect in 2022. This allows lots in single-family zones throughout the state to be split into two lots, and allows up to two units to be built on each lot, effectively increasing the number of units permitted per lot from one to four in single-family zones. SB 9 applies to residential zones in all California cities, including San José.
Parking Requirement
San José has eliminated parking minimums citywide.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of San José does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of San José does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Seattle has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
Seattle has eliminated residential parking minimums for developments within the Station Area Overlay District and within urban centers.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Seattle offers exemptions from the minimum parking requirement for developments within a frequent transit service area. Seattle also offers expedited environmental review for mixed-use developments.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by offering tax exemptions for affordable housing developments in designated urban centers, which are served by high-capacity transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2022, Spokane modified its zoning code to allow up to 4 residential units per lot by-right in all residential districts.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Spokane has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Spokane does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by offering height bonuses to these developments.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Springfield has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Springfield has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Springfield does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Springfield does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of St. Louis has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
St. Louis has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
St. Louis offers tax incentives for developments near transit.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by offering tax incentives for these developments.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2023, St. Petersburg modified its zoning code to allow up to 4 units per lot in certain areas previously zoned for only single-family homes.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of St. Petersburg has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of St. Petersburg does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of St. Petersburg does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning
The city has several zoning districts within which mixed-use land development and high-density housing are allowed. Transit-oriented development and FAR specifications are discussed in the city's climate action plan.
Residential Parking Requirements
The vast majority of land use categories (including some residential developments) have a minimum parking requirement of 1 space per unit or more.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: December 2021
Location Efficient Zoning
The city's zoning code states that the purpose and intent of the central business districts is to provide mixed-use spaces that incorporate residential, office, business, commercial, and light manufacturing.
Residential Parking Requirements
The vast majority of land use categories (including some residential developments) have a minimum parking requirement of 1 space per unit or more.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: December 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Tampa has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Tampa has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The City of Tampa does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by offering a floor area ratio (FAR) bonus for developers that provide 10% of a project's dwelling units as affordable within a transit-served area.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Toledo has made changes to its zoning code in the past 10 years to facilitate more residential density, mixed-use development, or transit-oriented development.
Parking Requirement
The City of Toledo has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Toledo offers a reduction in required minimum lot area in some districts in exchange for developers providing 1-2 special amenities from a list, including mixing commercial and residential uses in the development.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Toledo does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2021, Tucson modified its zoning code to allow ADUs in all residential zones.
Parking Requirement
We were unable to find information indicating that the City of Tucson has at least one zone, neighborhood, or district with a parking maximum of 1 or fewer spaces per housing unit or no minimum parking requirement for residential uses.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Tucson offers reductions in the minimum parking required for developments within 1/4 mile of transit.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The City of Tucson does not require, preserve, or incentivize the development of affordable housing near transit.
Last Updated: September 2023
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
The city recently conducted a land use study of the Peoria BRT route that identified areas to be rezoned to mixed use.
Residential Parking Policies
We could not confirm if Tulsa has reduced parking minimums anywhere in the city.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
In 2017 the City of Tulsa launched an incentive program aimed at increasing the use of mixed-use zoning along a frequent-transit corridor.
Last Updated: December 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
Virginia Beach requires a form code for the ocean-front neighborhoods. The code is a refinement of the Sasaki Resort Area Plan. The area under this code includes 3.5 miles of oceanfront hotels and related areas.
Residential Parking Policies
The city requires a minimum of two parking spaces per single-family home. 2 spaces are required per multifamily unit for the first 50 units, and 1.75 spaces thereafter.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
The city's SGA Plans encourage compact, mixed-use development. There are no written incentives for these other than establishing policies that are drawn from when assessing rezoning requests.
Last Updated: December 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
In 2016, Washington, D.C. modified its zoning code to allow accessory dwelling units in more areas by-right.
Parking Requirement
Washington, D.C. has eliminated parking minimums in certain districts.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Washington, D.C. does not have location-efficient development incentives or disclosure policies.
Affordable Housing around Transit
The city incentivizes affordable housing near transit by prioritizing projects near transit when allocating Low Income Housing Tax Credits to affordable housing developments.
Last Updated: January 2024
Location Efficient Zoning
The Community Unit Plan (“CUP”) Overlay District is intended to provide well-planned and well-organized Developments for residential Uses of varying densities and for office, commercial, industrial, and/or mixed uses.
Residential Parking Requirements
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: December 2021
Location Efficient Zoning
The city’s zoning code targets transit-oriented development districts, but does not require such development.
Residential Parking Requirements
The city has not removed minimum parking requirements, but the city’s Strategic Plan includes a goal to study parking requirements in transit-oriented development districts. The city's current parking requirements can be found in Chapter B of the city's zoning ordinance.
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosures
No data or the city is not pursuing.
Last Updated: December 2021
Location Efficient Zoning Codes
The city’s Commercial Corridors Overlay District’s intent is to encourage compact, pedestrian friendly development that is physically and functionally integrated through site design, dimensional and parking standards that limit parking, provide flexibility for development initiatives and provide incentives for mixed-use development.
Residential Parking Policies
Lower parking minimum requirements and parking maximums are established in the Commercial Corridor Overlay District, which includes downtown and mixed-use neighborhoods radiating out from the downtown along arterial corridors
Location Efficiency Incentives and Disclosure
Worcester does not have location efficiency incentives or disclosure requirements.
Last Updated: March 2020